Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

1. A Review of General Chemistry

Constitutional Isomers

Organic Chemistry

1. A Review of General Chemistry

Constitutional Isomers

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes constitutional isomers?

Compounds that are mirror images of each other

Compounds with different molecular formulas but similar physical properties

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different connectivity of atoms

Compounds with the same connectivity of atoms but different spatial arrangement

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Verified step by step guidance

Begin by understanding the concept of isomers in organic chemistry. Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in some aspect of their structure or arrangement.

Constitutional isomers, also known as structural isomers, are a specific type of isomer. They have the same molecular formula, meaning they contain the same number and types of atoms.

The key characteristic of constitutional isomers is that they differ in the connectivity of atoms. This means the atoms are connected in different ways, leading to different structures.

Contrast constitutional isomers with stereoisomers, which have the same connectivity of atoms but differ in the spatial arrangement of atoms. This distinction is crucial in understanding the different types of isomers.

Review examples of constitutional isomers to solidify your understanding. For instance, consider C4H10, which can exist as butane or isobutane, demonstrating different connectivity despite having the same molecular formula.