Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

3. Acids and Bases

Organic Chemistry Reactions

Organic Chemistry

3. Acids and Bases

Organic Chemistry Reactions

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following conditions might trigger a prophage or provirus to become active and enter the lytic cycle?

Low temperature

Presence of oxygen

Exposure to UV light

High humidity

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the difference between the lysogenic and lytic cycles. In the lysogenic cycle, the viral DNA integrates into the host genome and remains dormant as a prophage or provirus. In the lytic cycle, the virus becomes active, replicates, and eventually causes the host cell to burst, releasing new viral particles.

Identify environmental factors that can cause a prophage or provirus to switch from the lysogenic to the lytic cycle. Stressful conditions for the host cell can trigger this switch.

Consider the role of UV light. UV light can cause damage to the host cell's DNA, which can be detected by the cell's repair mechanisms. This damage can lead to the activation of the prophage or provirus as a response to the stress.

Evaluate why other conditions like low temperature, presence of oxygen, or high humidity are less likely to trigger the lytic cycle. These conditions do not typically cause direct damage to DNA or create a stress response that would activate the prophage or provirus.

Conclude that exposure to UV light is a known trigger for the activation of a prophage or provirus, leading it to enter the lytic cycle, due to its ability to cause DNA damage and stress in the host cell.