Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Naming Alcohols

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Naming Alcohols

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6:48 minutes

Problem 62i,j

Textbook Question

What is each compound's systematic name?
i.
j.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the parent chain for each compound. Both compounds are cyclopentane derivatives, as the main structure is a five-membered ring.

Step 2: Determine the substituents attached to the cyclopentane ring. For compound (i), there is a bromine atom (Br) and a methyl group (CH₃). For compound (ii), there is a hydroxyl group (OH) and a methyl group (CH₃).

Step 3: Assign locants (numbers) to the substituents to ensure the lowest possible numbering. For compound (i), the bromine atom is at position 1 and the methyl group is at position 2. For compound (ii), the hydroxyl group is at position 1 and the methyl group is at position 2.

Step 4: Name the substituents and combine them with the parent chain name. For compound (i), the substituents are 'bromo' and 'methyl,' and for compound (ii), the substituents are 'hydroxy' and 'methyl.'

Step 5: Write the systematic name for each compound by listing the substituents in alphabetical order, followed by the parent chain name. Ensure proper locants are included for clarity.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Nomenclature of Organic Compounds

The systematic naming of organic compounds follows the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) rules, which provide a standardized method for naming chemical structures. This includes identifying the longest carbon chain, determining the functional groups present, and assigning locants to indicate the position of substituents. Understanding these rules is essential for accurately naming compounds based on their structure.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the provided structures, the bromine (Br) in the first compound indicates a haloalkane, while the hydroxyl group (OH) in the second compound signifies an alcohol. Recognizing these functional groups is crucial for determining the properties and reactivity of the compounds.

Cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes are saturated hydrocarbons that contain carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure. They are characterized by the general formula CnH2n, where n is the number of carbon atoms. The presence of a cycloalkane in the first compound, along with a bromine substituent, influences its naming and reactivity, making it important to identify the cyclic nature of the structure when determining its systematic name.

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following refers to a disinfecting chemical dissolved in alcohol?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following compounds is correctly named as an alcohol?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the alcohol with the molecular formula C3H8O?

Textbook Question

Write structures for a homologous series of alcohols (R―OH) having from one to six carbons.

Textbook Question

A student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did the student name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed.

a. 4-bromo-3-pentanol

b. 2,2-dimethyl-4-ethylheptane

Textbook Question

Name the following compounds:

Textbook Question

A student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did the student name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed.

c. 5-methylcyclohexanol

d. 1,1-dimethyl-2-cyclohexanol

Textbook Question

Draw the structure for each of the following:

a. isopropyl alcohol

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