Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides

Intro to Phosphate Anhydrides

Organic Chemistry

23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides

Intro to Phosphate Anhydrides

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Multiple Choice

Beginning from propane, determine the chemical steps needed to prepare the following compound.

1. Br₂/hv

2. NaNH₂

3. BH₃ • THF

4. H₂O₂, NaOH

5. SOCl₂

6. Triphosphate

1. Br₂/hv

2. NaNH₂

3. H₃O⁺

4. SOCl₂

5. NH₃

6. Triphosphate

1. BH₃ • THF

2. H₂O₂, NaOH

3. SOCl₂

4. Triphosphate

1. HBr

2. Triphosphate

3. SOCl₂

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Verified step by step guidance

Start with propane, which is a three-carbon alkane. The goal is to convert it into a compound with a triphosphate group attached to the end of the carbon chain.

The first step is to introduce a halogen to the propane molecule. Use bromine (Br2) in the presence of light (hv) to perform a radical halogenation, which will replace a hydrogen atom with a bromine atom, forming 1-bromopropane.

Next, perform a dehydrohalogenation using sodium amide (NaNH2) to create a terminal alkyne. This step removes the bromine and a hydrogen atom, forming prop-1-yne.

Hydroboration-oxidation is the next step to convert the alkyne into an alcohol. Use borane (BH3) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) followed by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form propan-1-ol.

Convert the alcohol into a chloride using thionyl chloride (SOCl2), forming propan-1-yl chloride. Finally, react this with triphosphate to attach the triphosphate group to the end of the carbon chain, completing the synthesis.