Textbook Question
What is each compound's systematic name?
g.
h.
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
Alkyl Groups
3:10 minutesProblem 11b
Textbook Question
Draw the structure for each of the following:
b. 2,2-dimethyl-4-isopropyloctane
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Start by identifying the parent chain. The name 'octane' indicates that the parent chain contains 8 carbon atoms. Draw a straight chain of 8 carbons.
Step 2: Number the carbon atoms in the parent chain from left to right. This numbering will help you place the substituents correctly.
Step 3: Locate the substituents. The name '2,2-dimethyl' indicates that there are two methyl groups attached to the second carbon atom of the parent chain. Draw two CH₃ groups attached to carbon 2.
Step 4: Identify the next substituent. The name '4-isopropyl' indicates that an isopropyl group (CH(CH₃)₂) is attached to the fourth carbon atom of the parent chain. Draw the isopropyl group branching off carbon 4.
Step 5: Verify the structure. Ensure that all substituents are correctly placed, the parent chain has 8 carbons, and the structure matches the IUPAC name '2,2-dimethyl-4-isopropyloctane'.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
IUPAC Nomenclature
IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic chemical compounds. It provides a set of rules to derive the name of a compound based on its structure, including the longest carbon chain, substituents, and their positions. Understanding these rules is essential for accurately interpreting and drawing chemical structures from their names.
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Structural Representation
Structural representation involves depicting the arrangement of atoms within a molecule. In organic chemistry, this can be done using various formats such as Lewis structures, condensed formulas, or skeletal structures. Knowing how to translate a name like '2,2-dimethyl-4-isopropyloctane' into a visual structure is crucial for understanding its chemical properties and reactivity.
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Isomerism
Isomerism refers to the phenomenon where compounds with the same molecular formula have different structural arrangements or spatial orientations. In the case of '2,2-dimethyl-4-isopropyloctane', recognizing the potential for different isomers helps in understanding the compound's unique properties and behavior. This concept is vital for grasping the diversity of organic compounds and their implications in chemical reactions.
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