Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds

Reducing Agent

Organic Chemistry

13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds

Reducing Agent

Previous problemNext problem

2:52 minutes

Problem 10a,b

Textbook Question

Predict the products of the following reactions:
(a)
(b)

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Analyze the reactants and reagents in each reaction. In both cases, the starting material is benzoyl chloride (C6H5COCl), which contains a benzene ring attached to a carbonyl group and a chlorine atom. The reagents differ between the two reactions.

Step 2: For reaction (a), the reagents are (1) LiAlH4 and (2) H3O+. Lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) is a strong reducing agent that reduces acyl chlorides to primary alcohols. The H3O+ step is used to protonate the intermediate formed during the reduction.

Step 3: For reaction (b), the reagent is LiAlH(O-t-Bu)3, which is a bulky reducing agent. This reagent selectively reduces acyl chlorides to aldehydes instead of further reducing them to alcohols due to steric hindrance from the bulky tert-butoxy groups.

Step 4: Predict the product for reaction (a). The acyl chloride (C6H5COCl) will be reduced by LiAlH4 to form benzyl alcohol (C6H5CH2OH) after protonation with H3O+.

Step 5: Predict the product for reaction (b). The acyl chloride (C6H5COCl) will be reduced by LiAlH(O-t-Bu)3 to form benzaldehyde (C6H5CHO) due to the selective reduction to an aldehyde.

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above

Video duration:

Play a video:

Was this helpful?

Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Reaction Mechanisms

Understanding reaction mechanisms is crucial in organic chemistry as they describe the step-by-step process by which reactants transform into products. This includes identifying intermediates, transition states, and the movement of electrons. A clear grasp of mechanisms helps predict the products of reactions based on the types of reagents and conditions involved.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. Recognizing functional groups allows chemists to predict how different compounds will react and what products will form. This knowledge is essential for analyzing organic reactions and understanding their outcomes.

Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry involves the study of the spatial arrangement of atoms in molecules and how this affects their chemical behavior. It is important for predicting the products of reactions, especially in cases where chirality or geometric isomerism is involved. Understanding stereochemical principles helps in determining the specific configurations of products formed in reactions.

Watch next

Master Reducing Agents with a bite sized video explanation from Johnny

Start learning

Related Videos

Related Practice

Textbook Question

Predict the products you would expect from the reaction of NaBH₄ with the following compounds. You may assume that these reactions take place in methanol as the solvent.

(e)

Textbook Question

Predict the products you would expect from the reaction of LiAlH₄ followed by hydrolysis with the following compounds. You may assume that these reactions take place in methanol as the solvent.

(e)

Textbook Question

Draw the organic products you would expect to isolate from the following reactions (after hydrolysis).

(j)

Textbook Question

Predict the products you would expect from the reaction of LiAlH₄ followed by hydrolysis with the following compounds. You may assume that these reactions take place in methanol as the solvent.

(d)

Textbook Question

For each synthesis, start with bromocyclohexane and predict the products. Assume that an excess of each reactant is added so that all possible reactions that can happen will happen.

(b)

Textbook Question

Suggest carbonyl compounds and reducing agents that might be used to form the following alcohols.

(e)

(f)

Textbook Question

Predict the products you would expect from the reaction of NaBH₄ with the following compounds. You may assume that these reactions take place in methanol as the solvent.

(d)

Textbook Question

Predict the products you would expect from the reaction of NaBH₄ with the following compounds. You may assume that these reactions take place in methanol as the solvent.

(f)

Show more practices

Download the Mobile app

Privacy

Do not sell my personal information

Accessibility

Patent notice

Sitemap

Predict the products of the following reactions:(a) (b)

Key Concepts

Reaction Mechanisms

Functional Groups

Stereochemistry

Watch next

Predict the products of the following reactions:
(a)
(b)