Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols

Naming Ethers

Organic Chemistry

12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols

Naming Ethers

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4:54 minutes

Problem 55a,b

Textbook Question

Draw a condensed structure and a skeletal structure for each of the following:
a. sec-butyl tert-butyl ether
b. isoheptyl alcohol

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the problem. You are tasked with drawing two types of structures (condensed and skeletal) for two compounds: (a) sec-butyl tert-butyl ether and (b) isoheptyl alcohol. Condensed structures show all atoms and their connectivity in a compact form, while skeletal structures represent bonds between carbon atoms as lines, omitting hydrogen atoms bonded to carbons.

Step 2: For (a) sec-butyl tert-butyl ether, identify the functional groups and substituents. The compound is an ether, meaning it has an oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl groups. The 'sec-butyl' group is a four-carbon chain with a secondary carbon attached to the oxygen, and the 'tert-butyl' group is a three-carbon chain attached to a central carbon bonded to the oxygen.

Step 3: Draw the condensed structure for (a). Start with the oxygen atom (O) in the center. Attach the sec-butyl group on one side, which can be written as CH3CH(CH3)CH2-, and the tert-butyl group on the other side, which can be written as (CH3)3C-. Combine these to form the condensed structure.

Step 4: Draw the skeletal structure for (a). Represent the sec-butyl group as a zigzag line with a branch at the second carbon, and the tert-butyl group as a central carbon with three branches. Connect these groups via the oxygen atom.

Step 5: For (b) isoheptyl alcohol, identify the structure. 'Isoheptyl' refers to a seven-carbon chain with a branch at the second carbon, and 'alcohol' indicates the presence of an -OH group. Draw the condensed structure by writing the branched chain (CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2-) and attaching the -OH group at the end. For the skeletal structure, represent the carbon chain as a zigzag line with a branch at the second carbon and an -OH group at the terminal carbon.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Condensed Structure

A condensed structure is a simplified representation of a molecule that shows the arrangement of atoms and their connectivity without depicting all the bonds explicitly. In this format, groups of atoms are often grouped together, and hydrogen atoms attached to carbons are usually omitted for clarity. This type of structure is useful for quickly conveying the molecular formula and connectivity in a compact form.

Skeletal Structure

A skeletal structure, also known as a line-angle structure, is a representation of organic molecules where carbon atoms are represented by vertices or ends of lines, and hydrogen atoms are implied. This format emphasizes the carbon backbone and functional groups, making it easier to visualize the overall shape and connectivity of the molecule. It is particularly useful for larger molecules where a full structural formula would be cumbersome.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the context of ethers and alcohols, the ether functional group (-O-) and the hydroxyl group (-OH) are crucial for understanding the properties and reactivity of sec-butyl tert-butyl ether and isoheptyl alcohol. Recognizing these groups helps in predicting the behavior of the compounds in chemical reactions.

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