Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Naming Alcohols

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Naming Alcohols

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Problem 7d

Textbook Question

Draw the structure for each of the following:
d. tert-pentyl alcohol

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the name 'tert-pentyl alcohol'. The prefix 'tert-' indicates a tertiary carbon atom is attached to the hydroxyl (-OH) group. 'Pentyl' refers to a five-carbon chain, and 'alcohol' indicates the presence of an -OH group.

Step 2: Start by drawing a tertiary carbon atom. A tertiary carbon is bonded to three other carbon atoms. Place the hydroxyl (-OH) group on this tertiary carbon.

Step 3: Add the remaining carbon atoms to complete the five-carbon chain. Ensure that the total number of carbons in the structure is five, including the tertiary carbon.

Step 4: Verify the structure by counting the total number of carbons and hydrogens to ensure it matches the molecular formula for tert-pentyl alcohol (C5H12O).

Step 5: Confirm that the hydroxyl group is attached to the tertiary carbon and that the structure adheres to the IUPAC naming conventions for tert-pentyl alcohol.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Alcohol Functional Group

Alcohols are organic compounds characterized by the presence of one or more hydroxyl (-OH) groups attached to a carbon atom. The functional group is responsible for the properties of alcohols, including their ability to form hydrogen bonds, which affects their boiling points and solubility in water.

Tertiary Alcohols

Tertiary alcohols are a subtype of alcohols where the carbon atom bonded to the hydroxyl group is also attached to three other carbon atoms. This structure influences their reactivity and stability, making them less prone to oxidation compared to primary and secondary alcohols.

Structural Representation

In organic chemistry, structural representation involves depicting the arrangement of atoms within a molecule. For tert-pentyl alcohol, the structure can be drawn using line-angle formulas, which simplify the representation of carbon chains and functional groups, allowing for easier visualization of the compound's connectivity.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

A student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did the student name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed.

a. 4-bromo-3-pentanol

b. 2,2-dimethyl-4-ethylheptane

Textbook Question

Name the following compounds:

Textbook Question

A student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did the student name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed.

c. 5-methylcyclohexanol

d. 1,1-dimethyl-2-cyclohexanol

Textbook Question

Draw the structure for each of the following:

a. isopropyl alcohol

Textbook Question

For each molecular formula, draw all the possible constitutional isomers of alcohols with that formula. Give the IUPAC name for each alcohol.

(d) C₃H₄O

Textbook Question

Draw the structures of the following compounds. (Includes both new and old names.)

(k) 3-methylhex-4-yn-2-ol

Textbook Question