Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

3. Acids and Bases

Organic Chemistry Reactions

Organic Chemistry

3. Acids and Bases

Organic Chemistry Reactions

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Multiple Choice

Which two molecules are produced by the light reactions in photosynthesis and used to power the Calvin cycle?

ATP and NADPH

Carbon Dioxide and Water

ADP and NADP+

Glucose and Oxygen

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the context: Photosynthesis consists of two main stages - the light reactions and the Calvin cycle. The light reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and convert light energy into chemical energy.

Identify the products of the light reactions: During the light reactions, light energy is used to produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate). These molecules store energy and reducing power, respectively.

Recognize the role of ATP and NADPH: Both ATP and NADPH are essential for the Calvin cycle, which takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts. They provide the energy and electrons needed to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.

Differentiate between the options: Carbon dioxide and water are reactants in photosynthesis, not products of the light reactions. ADP and NADP+ are the oxidized forms of ATP and NADPH, respectively, and are not the products of the light reactions. Glucose and oxygen are products of the overall photosynthesis process, not specifically the light reactions.

Conclude with the correct answer: The two molecules produced by the light reactions and used to power the Calvin cycle are ATP and NADPH.