Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

35. Transition Metals

Suzuki Reaction

Organic Chemistry

35. Transition Metals

Suzuki Reaction

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1:58 minutes

Problem 37b

Textbook Question

What are the products of the following reactions?
b.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Recognize the reaction type. This is a Suzuki coupling reaction, which is a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between an aryl or vinyl halide and an organoboron compound.

Step 2: Identify the reactants. The first reactant is a brominated aromatic ketone (4-bromoacetophenone), and the second reactant is a cyclohexylboronic ester.

Step 3: Understand the role of the catalyst and base. Pd(PPh₃)₄ is the palladium catalyst, which facilitates the coupling reaction, and Na₂CO₃ acts as a base to activate the boronic ester.

Step 4: Predict the bond formation. The Suzuki reaction forms a new carbon-carbon bond between the carbon attached to the bromine atom in the aryl halide and the carbon attached to the boron atom in the boronic ester.

Step 5: Write the product structure. The product will be a substituted aromatic ketone where the bromine atom is replaced by the cyclohexyl group, resulting in 4-cyclohexylacetophenone.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Suzuki Coupling Reaction

The Suzuki coupling reaction is a widely used method in organic chemistry for forming carbon-carbon bonds. It involves the reaction of an organoboron compound with an organic halide in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a base. This reaction is particularly valuable for synthesizing biaryl compounds and other complex organic molecules, making it essential for various applications in pharmaceuticals and materials science.

Palladium Catalysis

Palladium catalysis is a key component in many cross-coupling reactions, including the Suzuki reaction. Palladium serves as a catalyst that facilitates the transfer of the organic group from the organoboron compound to the organic halide. The use of palladium allows for milder reaction conditions and higher selectivity, which is crucial for synthesizing complex organic structures efficiently.

Base in Organic Reactions

In organic reactions, a base is often required to deprotonate the organoboron compound, generating a more reactive species that can participate in the coupling process. In the Suzuki reaction, sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) is commonly used as a base to facilitate the reaction. The choice of base can significantly influence the reaction's efficiency and the yield of the desired product.

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