Textbook Question
Describe the orbitals used in bonding and the bond angles in the following compounds:
c. H2CO
1. A Review of General Chemistry
Molecular Geometry
2:17 minutesProblem 1.15
Textbook Question
Use your molecular models to make ethane, and compare the model with the preceding structures.
Verified step by step guidance1
Start by identifying the molecular formula for ethane, which is \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_6 \). This indicates that ethane consists of two carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms.
Construct the ethane molecule using molecular models. Connect the two carbon atoms with a single bond, as ethane is an alkane and contains only single bonds.
Attach three hydrogen atoms to each carbon atom. Ensure that the hydrogen atoms are evenly distributed around each carbon atom to maintain the tetrahedral geometry typical of sp3 hybridized carbon atoms.
Compare your molecular model with the structures provided in the image. Notice the different representations: the Lewis structure, the ball-and-stick model, and the space-filling model. Each representation highlights different aspects of the molecule, such as bond angles and spatial arrangement.
Observe the 3D orientation of the ethane molecule in the ball-and-stick model. The carbon atoms are at the center, with hydrogen atoms extending outward, forming a staggered conformation. This conformation minimizes steric hindrance and is the most stable arrangement for ethane.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Molecular Structure of Ethane
Ethane (C2H6) is a simple alkane consisting of two carbon atoms connected by a single bond, with each carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms. Understanding its molecular structure is crucial for visualizing how atoms are arranged in space and how they interact with other molecules. This structure is foundational in organic chemistry, as it illustrates the basic principles of bonding and molecular geometry.
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Molecular Models
Molecular models are three-dimensional representations of molecules that help visualize their structure and spatial arrangement. They can be constructed using various materials, such as balls and sticks or computer software. These models are essential for understanding concepts like bond angles, molecular geometry, and the physical properties of substances, allowing for a more intuitive grasp of chemical behavior.
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Comparative Analysis in Chemistry
Comparative analysis involves examining the similarities and differences between molecular structures to gain insights into their properties and reactivity. In the context of ethane, comparing its model with other structures can reveal how variations in bonding and molecular shape affect physical and chemical characteristics. This analytical approach is vital for predicting the behavior of organic compounds in various chemical reactions.
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