Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Naming Cycloalkanes

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Naming Cycloalkanes

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2:52 minutes

Problem 15e,f

Textbook Question

What is each compound's systematic name?
e.
f.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Analyze the structure in (i). Identify the parent chain, which is the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms. In this case, the parent chain contains four carbon atoms, making it a butane derivative.

Step 2: Identify the substituents attached to the parent chain in (i). There is a cyclopropyl group attached to the second carbon of the butane chain.

Step 3: Assign the locant (position number) for the substituent in (i). The cyclopropyl group is attached to carbon-2 of the butane chain. The systematic name will include this locant.

Step 4: Analyze the structure in (ii). Identify the parent chain, which is the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms. In this case, the parent chain contains six carbon atoms, making it a hexane derivative.

Step 5: Identify the substituents attached to the parent chain in (ii). There is a methyl group attached to carbon-1 and a propyl group attached to carbon-3 of the hexane chain. Assign locants and combine them with the parent name to form the systematic name.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Systematic Naming

Systematic naming in organic chemistry refers to the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) rules used to assign unique names to chemical compounds. This process involves identifying the longest carbon chain, determining the functional groups, and numbering the carbon atoms to provide a clear and unambiguous name that reflects the structure of the compound.

Cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes are a class of hydrocarbons characterized by carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure. They follow the general formula CnH2n and can be saturated or unsaturated. Understanding the structure of cycloalkanes is crucial for systematic naming, as the presence of rings affects the naming conventions and the identification of substituents.

Substituents and Their Position

Substituents are atoms or groups of atoms that replace hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon chain or ring. When naming compounds, it is essential to identify the type and position of these substituents, as they influence the compound's name. The position is indicated by numbering the carbon atoms in the main chain or ring, ensuring that the substituents are assigned the lowest possible numbers.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

Draw skeletal structures for the following:

c. 2,3,3,4-tetramethylheptane

Textbook Question

Draw the structure that corresponds with each name.

e. 2,2,4,4-tetramethylhexane

f. trans-1,3-diethylcyclopentane

Textbook Question

Draw skeletal structures for the following:

b. 1,3-dimethylcyclohexane

Textbook Question

Draw skeletal structures for the following:

a. 5-ethyl-2-methyloctane

Textbook Question

Draw all the isomers with molecular formula C₆H₁₂ that contain a cyclobutane ring.

Textbook Question

Each of the following descriptions applies to more than one alkane. In each case, draw and name two structures that match the description.

c. a cis-diethylcyclohexane

d. a trans-dihalocyclopentane

Textbook Question

Draw and name the six isomeric cyclopentanes of molecular formula C₇H₁₄. These will include four constitutional isomers, of which two show geometric (cis-trans) stereoisomerism.

Textbook Question

Draw and name the five cycloalkane structures of formula C₅H₁₀. Can any of these structures give rise to geometric (cis-trans) isomerism? If so, show the cis and trans stereoisomers.

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What is each compound's systematic name? e. f.

Key Concepts

Systematic Naming

Cycloalkanes

Substituents and Their Position

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What is each compound's systematic name?
e.
f.