Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

3. Acids and Bases

Organic Chemistry Reactions

Organic Chemistry

3. Acids and Bases

Organic Chemistry Reactions

Previous problemNext problem

Struggling with Organic Chemistry?

Join thousands of students who trust us to help them ace their exams!Watch the first video

Multiple Choice

In the context of PCR, what occurs during the annealing stage?

DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands.

The reaction mixture is cooled to stop the reaction.

Primers bind to the target DNA sequences.

The DNA strands are separated by heating.

Previous problemNext problem

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the PCR process: PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a technique used to amplify DNA sequences. It involves three main stages: denaturation, annealing, and extension.

Identify the annealing stage: During the annealing stage, the temperature of the reaction is lowered to allow primers to bind to the single-stranded DNA template.

Explain the role of primers: Primers are short sequences of nucleotides that provide a starting point for DNA synthesis. They are designed to be complementary to the target DNA sequences.

Describe the conditions of the annealing stage: The temperature is typically reduced to around 50-65°C, which is optimal for the primers to hybridize or bind to their complementary sequences on the DNA template.

Clarify the purpose of annealing: The binding of primers to the target DNA sequences is crucial as it sets the stage for the next phase, where DNA polymerase extends the primers to form new DNA strands.