Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 40m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

3. Acids and Bases

Organic Chemistry Reactions

Organic Chemistry

3. Acids and Bases

Organic Chemistry Reactions

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following mechanisms is responsible for the development of streptomycin resistance in E. coli?

Increased efflux of streptomycin from the bacterial cell

Inactivation of streptomycin by bacterial enzymes

Mutation in the rpsL gene encoding the ribosomal protein S12

Enhanced permeability of the bacterial cell membrane to streptomycin

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the context: Streptomycin is an antibiotic that targets bacterial ribosomes, specifically binding to the 30S subunit, which is crucial for protein synthesis in bacteria.

Identify the mechanism of resistance: Resistance to antibiotics can occur through various mechanisms such as efflux pumps, enzymatic inactivation, target modification, or changes in cell permeability.

Focus on the target modification: In this case, the resistance mechanism involves a mutation in the rpsL gene, which encodes the ribosomal protein S12. This mutation alters the binding site of streptomycin, reducing its ability to bind effectively.

Consider why other options are incorrect: Increased efflux or enzymatic inactivation are common resistance mechanisms but are not responsible for streptomycin resistance in this context. Enhanced permeability would increase susceptibility, not resistance.

Conclude with the correct mechanism: The mutation in the rpsL gene is the key factor in developing streptomycin resistance in E. coli, as it directly affects the drug's target site on the ribosome.