Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Naming Cycloalkanes

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Naming Cycloalkanes

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2:23 minutes

Problem 32a

Textbook Question

Name the following cycloalkanes using the IUPAC system of nomenclature. [Hint: Each molecule exemplifies one of the cycloalkane nomenclature rules in Table 3.10.]
(a) rule 1

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the parent cycloalkane: Count the number of carbons in the ring structure to determine the base name of the cycloalkane. For example, a ring with 3 carbons is cyclopropane, 4 carbons is cyclobutane, and so on.

Apply Rule 1: If there is only one substituent on the cycloalkane, there is no need to number the ring. The substituent is simply named as a prefix to the parent cycloalkane.

Determine the substituent: Identify the group attached to the cycloalkane ring. For example, if a methyl group (-CH₃) is attached, it will be named as 'methyl'.

Combine the substituent and parent name: Write the name of the substituent followed by the name of the parent cycloalkane. For example, if a methyl group is attached to a cyclopentane ring, the name would be 'methylcyclopentane'.

Double-check for any additional rules: Ensure that there are no other substituents or special cases that might require further numbering or naming adjustments.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes are saturated hydrocarbons that contain carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure. They follow the general formula CnH2n, where n is the number of carbon atoms. Common examples include cyclopropane, cyclobutane, and cyclohexane. Understanding their structure is essential for applying nomenclature rules.

IUPAC Nomenclature

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) provides a systematic method for naming chemical compounds. For cycloalkanes, the naming involves identifying the number of carbon atoms in the ring and using the prefix 'cyclo-' followed by the appropriate alkane name. This ensures clarity and consistency in chemical communication.

Nomenclature Rules for Cycloalkanes

Cycloalkane nomenclature follows specific rules, such as identifying the ring structure and determining the longest continuous carbon chain. The first rule often involves naming the cycloalkane based on the number of carbon atoms in the ring. Understanding these rules is crucial for accurately naming the compounds presented in the question.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

Each of the following descriptions applies to more than one alkane. In each case, draw and name two structures that match the description.

c. a cis-diethylcyclohexane

d. a trans-dihalocyclopentane

Textbook Question

Draw and name the six isomeric cyclopentanes of molecular formula C₇H₁₄. These will include four constitutional isomers, of which two show geometric (cis-trans) stereoisomerism.

Textbook Question

Draw and name the five cycloalkane structures of formula C₅H₁₀. Can any of these structures give rise to geometric (cis-trans) isomerism? If so, show the cis and trans stereoisomers.

Textbook Question

trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclobutane is more stable than cis-1,2-dimethylcyclobutane, but cis-1,3-dimethylcyclobutane is more stable than trans-1,3-dimethylcyclobutane. Use drawings to explain these observations.

Textbook Question

Name the following cycloalkanes using the IUPAC system of nomenclature. [Hint: Each molecule exemplifies one of the cycloalkane nomenclature rules in Table 3.10.]

Textbook Question

Name the following cycloalkanes using the IUPAC system of nomenclature. [Hint: Each molecule exemplifies one of the cycloalkane nomenclature rules in Table 3.10.]

(e) rule 3

Textbook Question

Name the following cycloalkanes using the IUPAC system of nomenclature. [Hint: Each molecule exemplifies one of the cycloalkane nomenclature rules in Table 3.10.]

(g) rule 4

Textbook Question

Give IUPAC names for the following compounds.

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