Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Ring Strain

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Ring Strain

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following Newman projections has the highest strain energy?

The figure illustrates a Newman projection. A 2-carbon alkane is depicted such that C 1 is toward the observer and C 2 is away from the observer. C 1 is represented as a dot, and C 2 is represented as a circle around the dot. C 1 is single bonded to C H 3 above and C H 3 on the lower right, each in the form of a line, and H on the lower left. C 2 is single bonded to H on the upper left and C H 3 on the upper right and C H 3 below, each in the form of a line.

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Verified step by step guidance

Begin by understanding the concept of strain energy in Newman projections. Strain energy arises from steric hindrance and torsional strain between atoms or groups in a molecule.

Examine each Newman projection provided. Identify the groups attached to the front and back carbon atoms in each projection.

Consider the types of strain that can occur: torsional strain, which is due to eclipsing interactions, and steric strain, which is due to the size of the groups being close together.

For each Newman projection, determine the relative positions of the groups. Eclipsed conformations generally have higher strain energy due to torsional strain compared to staggered conformations.

Compare the strain energy of each projection by evaluating the number and type of eclipsing interactions. The projection with the most significant steric and torsional interactions will have the highest strain energy.