Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is false regarding the reaction mechanism of nucleophilic substitution in organic chemistry?
3. Acids and Bases
Organic Chemistry Reactions
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Which type of reaction involves the conversion of an alcohol to an alkene using an acid catalyst?
A
Hydration
B
Dehydration
C
Oxidation
D
Substitution
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the functional groups involved in the reaction: Alcohols contain an -OH group, and alkenes contain a C=C double bond.
Understand the process of dehydration: Dehydration is a chemical reaction that involves the removal of a water molecule (H₂O) from the reactant.
Recognize the role of the acid catalyst: An acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), is often used to facilitate the dehydration of alcohols by protonating the -OH group, making it a better leaving group.
Visualize the mechanism: The acid catalyst protonates the alcohol, forming a good leaving group (water), which leaves to form a carbocation intermediate. The carbocation then undergoes elimination to form the alkene.
Compare with other reaction types: Hydration adds water to a molecule, oxidation involves the increase in oxidation state, and substitution involves replacing one group with another. Dehydration specifically removes water to form a double bond, which matches the conversion of an alcohol to an alkene.
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