Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds

Oxidizing Agent

Organic Chemistry

13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds

Oxidizing Agent

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1:46 minutes

Problem 34a

Textbook Question

Predict the major products of the following reactions.
(a)

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the functional groups in the given molecule. The molecule contains an aldehyde group (-CHO) and a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a cyclohexane ring.

Step 2: Recognize the reagent used in the reaction. Silver oxide (Ag₂O) in the presence of a base is commonly used in the Tollens' test, which oxidizes aldehydes to carboxylic acids.

Step 3: Understand the reaction mechanism. The aldehyde group (-CHO) is oxidized to a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) by Ag₂O. The hydroxyl group (-OH) remains unchanged as it is not reactive under these conditions.

Step 4: Predict the major product. The aldehyde group is converted into a carboxylic acid group, resulting in a cyclohexane ring with a hydroxyl group (-OH) and a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) attached.

Step 5: Verify the stereochemistry and connectivity. Ensure that the positions of the functional groups on the cyclohexane ring remain the same as in the starting material, as the reaction does not alter the ring structure or stereochemistry.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Reaction Mechanisms

Understanding reaction mechanisms is crucial in organic chemistry as they describe the step-by-step process by which reactants transform into products. This includes identifying intermediates, transition states, and the movement of electrons. Familiarity with mechanisms helps predict the outcome of reactions and the stability of products formed.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. Recognizing functional groups allows chemists to predict reactivity patterns and the types of reactions that can occur. Different functional groups can influence the major products formed in a reaction.

Regioselectivity and Stereoselectivity

Regioselectivity refers to the preference of a chemical reaction to yield one structural isomer over others, while stereoselectivity involves the preference for one stereoisomer over another. These concepts are essential for predicting the major products of reactions, as they determine how reactants will orient and react under specific conditions.