Multiple Choice
What is the general purpose of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process in organic chemistry?
3. Acids and Bases
Organic Chemistry Reactions
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In the context of organic chemistry reactions, which conclusion is supported by the evidence that a reaction proceeds with retention of configuration?
A
The reaction involves a stereospecific mechanism such as an SN2 reaction with a chiral center.
B
The reaction involves a nucleophilic substitution via an SN1 mechanism.
C
The reaction involves a nucleophilic substitution via an SN2 mechanism.
D
The reaction involves an electrophilic addition to an alkene.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of 'retention of configuration': In stereochemistry, retention of configuration means that the spatial arrangement of atoms around a chiral center remains unchanged after a chemical reaction.
Identify the types of reactions mentioned: The problem lists SN1, SN2, and electrophilic addition reactions. Each has distinct characteristics regarding stereochemistry.
Analyze SN1 reactions: SN1 reactions typically proceed with racemization, not retention of configuration, because they involve a carbocation intermediate that allows for rearrangement.
Analyze SN2 reactions: SN2 reactions are known for their stereospecificity, often leading to inversion of configuration. However, under certain conditions, they can proceed with retention of configuration, especially if the nucleophile attacks from the same side as the leaving group.
Consider electrophilic addition to alkenes: This type of reaction generally does not involve retention of configuration at a chiral center, as it often leads to the formation of new stereocenters or rearrangement.
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