Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

2. Molecular Representations

Intermolecular Forces

Organic Chemistry

2. Molecular Representations

Intermolecular Forces

Previous problemNext problem

2:29 minutes

Problem 6c

Textbook Question

For each pair of compounds, predict which compound has the higher boiling point. Check [TABLE 6-2] to see if your prediction was right; then explain why that compound has the higher boiling point.
c. 1-bromobutane and 1-chlorobutane

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the two compounds in question: 1-bromobutane and 1-chlorobutane. These are alkyl halides where bromine and chlorine are attached to a butane chain.

Consider the molecular weight of each compound. 1-bromobutane has a higher molecular weight than 1-chlorobutane because bromine is heavier than chlorine.

Analyze the intermolecular forces present. Both compounds exhibit van der Waals forces, but 1-bromobutane will have stronger dispersion forces due to its larger electron cloud compared to 1-chlorobutane.

Check the boiling points in the provided table. 1-bromobutane has a boiling point of 102°C, while 1-chlorobutane has a boiling point of 78°C.

Explain the difference in boiling points: The higher boiling point of 1-bromobutane is due to its greater molecular weight and stronger dispersion forces, which require more energy to overcome during the phase transition from liquid to gas.

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above

Video duration:

Play a video:

Was this helpful?

Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Boiling Point

The boiling point of a compound is the temperature at which its vapor pressure equals the external pressure, causing it to change from liquid to gas. It is influenced by intermolecular forces, molecular weight, and structural characteristics. Generally, compounds with stronger intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonding or dipole-dipole interactions, exhibit higher boiling points.

Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction or repulsion between molecules. The main types include London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, and hydrogen bonding. In the case of halogenated compounds like 1-bromobutane and 1-chlorobutane, the strength of these forces significantly affects their boiling points, with stronger dipole-dipole interactions leading to higher boiling points.

Molecular Weight

Molecular weight, or molar mass, is the mass of a molecule calculated as the sum of the atomic weights of its constituent atoms. Generally, as molecular weight increases, the boiling point tends to increase due to the greater surface area and stronger London dispersion forces. In comparing 1-bromobutane and 1-chlorobutane, the difference in molecular weights contributes to their boiling point differences.

Watch next

Master How IMFs are related to melting and boiling points. with a bite sized video explanation from Johnny

Start learning

Related Videos

Related Practice

Textbook Question

Choose the molecule in each pair you'd expect to have the higher boiling point. Explain your reasoning.

(a) eicosane ( C₂₀H₄₂) vs pentadecane

Textbook Question

Draw a picture of the hydrogen bonding in methanol.

Textbook Question

Which has

g. the higher boiling point: 1-bromopentane or 1-chloropentane?

Textbook Question

Which has

h. the higher boiling point: diethyl ether or butyl alcohol?

Textbook Question

For each pair of compounds, predict which compound has the higher boiling point. Check [TABLE 6-2] to see if your prediction was right; then explain why that compound has the higher boiling point.

b. isopropyl chloride and tert-butyl bromide

Textbook Question

For each pair of compounds, predict which compound has the higher boiling point. Check [TABLE 6-2] to see if your prediction was right; then explain why that compound has the higher boiling point.

a. isopropyl bromide and n-butyl bromide

Textbook Question

For each pair of compounds, predict which one has the higher molecular dipole moment, and explain your reasoning.

c. cis-2,3-dibromobut-2-ene or trans-2,3-dibromobut-2-ene

d. cis-1,2-dichlorocyclobutane or trans-1,3-dichlorocyclobutane

Textbook Question

For each pair of compounds, predict the one with a higher boiling point. Which compounds have zero dipole moments?

b. cis- or trans-2,3-dichlorobut-2-ene

Show more practices

Download the Mobile app

Privacy

Do not sell my personal information

Accessibility

Patent notice

Sitemap

For each pair of compounds, predict which compound has the higher boiling point. Check [TABLE 6-2] to see if your prediction was right; then explain why that compound has the higher boiling point.c. 1-bromobutane and 1-chlorobutane

Key Concepts

Boiling Point

Intermolecular Forces

Molecular Weight

Watch next

For each pair of compounds, predict which compound has the higher boiling point. Check [TABLE 6-2] to see if your prediction was right; then explain why that compound has the higher boiling point.
c. 1-bromobutane and 1-chlorobutane