Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

16. Conjugated Systems

Conjugation Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

16. Conjugated Systems

Conjugation Chemistry

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about conjugation is true?

Conjugation requires the presence of only sigma bonds between adjacent atoms.

Conjugation results in decreased stability of the molecule due to electron localization.

Conjugation involves the overlap of p orbitals across adjacent atoms, leading to delocalization of electrons.

Conjugation only occurs in cyclic compounds and is not possible in linear molecules.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of conjugation: Conjugation in organic chemistry refers to the overlap of p orbitals across adjacent atoms, which allows for the delocalization of π electrons across these atoms.

Identify the requirements for conjugation: Conjugation requires the presence of alternating single and multiple bonds (such as double bonds) that allow p orbitals to overlap. This is not possible with only sigma bonds, as sigma bonds involve head-on overlap and do not allow for the necessary p orbital interaction.

Evaluate the effect of conjugation on stability: Conjugation generally increases the stability of a molecule. This is because the delocalization of electrons across multiple atoms lowers the overall energy of the molecule, contrary to the statement that it decreases stability.

Consider the types of compounds where conjugation can occur: Conjugation is not limited to cyclic compounds. It can occur in both cyclic and linear molecules, as long as the necessary p orbital overlap is present.

Conclude with the correct statement: The true statement about conjugation is that it involves the overlap of p orbitals across adjacent atoms, leading to the delocalization of electrons, which increases the stability of the molecule.