Multiple Choice
Which of the following reactions is most commonly used to increase the carbon chain length in organic synthesis?
3. Acids and Bases
Organic Chemistry Reactions
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What is the role of the electron transport chain in the process of photosynthesis?
A
To break down water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen
B
To fix carbon dioxide into glucose
C
To generate ATP and NADPH by transferring electrons
D
To absorb light energy and excite electrons
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the electron transport chain (ETC) in photosynthesis is part of the light-dependent reactions, which occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.
Recognize that the primary role of the ETC in photosynthesis is to facilitate the transfer of electrons from water molecules to NADP+, forming NADPH, and to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane.
Note that the energy from excited electrons, which are energized by light absorption in photosystem II, is used to pump protons (H⁺ ions) into the thylakoid lumen, creating a proton gradient.
Understand that this proton gradient is used by ATP synthase to synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) as protons flow back into the stroma, a process known as chemiosmosis.
Conclude that the ATP and NADPH produced by the electron transport chain are essential for the Calvin cycle, where they are used to fix carbon dioxide into glucose.
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