Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

34. Nucleic Acids

Intro to Nucleic Acids

Organic Chemistry

34. Nucleic Acids

Intro to Nucleic Acids

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Multiple Choice

Why does DNA move from the negative end of the gel to the positive end during gel electrophoresis?

Because DNA is hydrophobic and moves towards the water in the gel.

Because DNA is negatively charged and is attracted to the positive end.

Because DNA is positively charged and is attracted to the negative end.

Because DNA is neutral and moves randomly in the gel.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the structure of DNA: DNA molecules have a backbone made of sugar and phosphate groups. The phosphate groups are negatively charged due to the presence of phosphate ions.

Recognize the principle of gel electrophoresis: This technique separates molecules based on size and charge by applying an electric field across a gel matrix.

Identify the charge of DNA: Since DNA has negatively charged phosphate groups, it will be attracted to the positive electrode (anode) in an electric field.

Consider the movement of DNA in the gel: When an electric field is applied, DNA will migrate from the negative electrode (cathode) towards the positive electrode (anode) due to its negative charge.

Conclude why DNA moves in this direction: The movement of DNA from the negative to the positive end during gel electrophoresis is due to its inherent negative charge, which is attracted to the positive end of the gel.