Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

16. Conjugated Systems

Sigmatropic Rearrangement

Organic Chemistry

16. Conjugated Systems

Sigmatropic Rearrangement

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3:33 minutes

Problem 12b(3)

Textbook Question

b. Using arrows, show the electron rearrangement that takes place in each reaction.
3.

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the type of reaction taking place (e.g., nucleophilic substitution, elimination, addition, etc.) by analyzing the reactants and products. This will help determine the type of electron movement involved.

Locate the electron-rich species (nucleophile or base) and the electron-deficient species (electrophile or leaving group) in the reaction. These will be the key players in the electron rearrangement.

Draw the starting structure of the reactants and use curved arrows to indicate the movement of electron pairs. For example, if a nucleophile attacks an electrophile, draw an arrow from the lone pair or π bond of the nucleophile to the electrophilic center.

If a bond is breaking (e.g., a leaving group departs), use a curved arrow to show the electrons from the bond moving onto the leaving group, forming a lone pair.

Repeat the process for any subsequent steps in the reaction mechanism, ensuring that all intermediates and products are drawn with proper formal charges and electron configurations.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Electron Movement in Reactions

In organic chemistry, understanding how electrons move during reactions is crucial. This movement is often depicted using curved arrows, which indicate the flow of electron pairs from nucleophiles to electrophiles. Recognizing the direction and nature of these movements helps predict the outcome of chemical reactions.

Nucleophiles and Electrophiles

Nucleophiles are species that donate electron pairs, while electrophiles are electron-deficient species that accept electron pairs. Identifying these roles in a reaction is essential for understanding how reactants interact and transform into products. This concept is foundational for analyzing reaction mechanisms.

Reaction Mechanisms

A reaction mechanism describes the step-by-step process by which reactants convert into products, including the breaking and forming of bonds. It provides insight into the intermediates and transition states involved in the reaction. Understanding mechanisms is vital for predicting reaction outcomes and designing new synthetic pathways.

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