Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

29. Amino Acids

Proteins and Amino Acids

Organic Chemistry

29. Amino Acids

Proteins and Amino Acids

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Multiple Choice

There are 64 codons and 20 amino acids. Which of the following statements is true regarding the genetic code?

The genetic code is ambiguous, with multiple amino acids per codon.

Some amino acids are encoded by multiple codons.

All codons encode for amino acids.

Each amino acid is encoded by exactly one codon.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of codons: Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids or stop signals during protein synthesis.

Recognize the redundancy in the genetic code: There are 64 possible codons but only 20 amino acids, which means that multiple codons can encode the same amino acid. This is known as degeneracy of the genetic code.

Clarify the term 'ambiguous': In the context of the genetic code, ambiguity would mean that a single codon could encode more than one amino acid, which is not the case. The genetic code is unambiguous because each codon specifies only one amino acid.

Evaluate the statement 'Some amino acids are encoded by multiple codons': This is true due to the redundancy of the genetic code, where different codons can lead to the same amino acid being incorporated into a protein.

Consider the statement 'All codons encode for amino acids': This is false because some codons are stop codons, which signal the termination of protein synthesis rather than encoding an amino acid.