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Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is incorrect about alkanes?
A
Alkanes have a general formula of CnH2n+2.
B
Alkanes can form hydrogen bonds.
C
Alkanes undergo combustion reactions.
D
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Identify the general characteristics of alkanes: Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons, meaning they contain only single bonds between carbon atoms and have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms attached to each carbon.
Understand the general formula for alkanes: The general formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms. This formula accounts for the maximum number of hydrogen atoms that can be bonded to the carbon chain.
Recognize the types of reactions alkanes typically undergo: Alkanes are known to undergo combustion reactions, where they react with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy in the form of heat and light.
Examine the nature of intermolecular forces in alkanes: Alkanes are nonpolar molecules and primarily exhibit van der Waals forces (London dispersion forces) between their molecules. They do not have the ability to form hydrogen bonds, as they lack the necessary electronegative atoms (such as oxygen or nitrogen) bonded to hydrogen.
Determine which statement is incorrect: Based on the understanding that alkanes cannot form hydrogen bonds due to their nonpolar nature and lack of electronegative atoms, the statement 'Alkanes can form hydrogen bonds' is incorrect.