Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements best describes how the phosphorus cycle is different from the nitrogen or carbon cycles in organic chemistry?
3. Acids and Bases
Organic Chemistry Reactions
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Which of the following organic chemistry reactions can lead to mutations in DNA?
A
Alkylation reactions
B
Hydrogenation reactions
C
Hydrolysis reactions
D
Esterification reactions
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of DNA mutations: Mutations in DNA are changes in the genetic sequence, which can be caused by various chemical reactions that alter the structure of DNA bases.
Identify the role of alkylation reactions: Alkylation involves the transfer of an alkyl group to a molecule, which can modify DNA bases and lead to mutations. This is because alkyl groups can attach to nucleophilic sites on DNA, altering its structure.
Consider hydrogenation reactions: Hydrogenation typically involves the addition of hydrogen to unsaturated bonds, such as double bonds in alkenes. This reaction does not typically affect DNA bases directly and is less likely to cause mutations.
Evaluate hydrolysis reactions: Hydrolysis involves the breaking of bonds through the addition of water. While hydrolysis can affect DNA, it generally leads to the breakdown of DNA rather than mutations.
Assess esterification reactions: Esterification is the formation of an ester from an alcohol and an acid. This reaction does not typically interact with DNA bases in a way that would cause mutations.
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