Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

IUPAC Naming

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

IUPAC Naming

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Multiple Choice

What is the IUPAC name of the following molecule?

4-ethylpentane

4-methylhexane

3-methylhexane

2-ethylpentane

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Verified step by step guidance

Identify the longest continuous carbon chain in the molecule. This will determine the base name of the compound. In this case, the longest chain has six carbon atoms, which corresponds to 'hexane'.

Number the carbon atoms in the longest chain starting from the end nearest to the substituent. This ensures the substituents have the lowest possible numbers. Here, numbering from left to right gives the substituent the lowest number.

Identify and name the substituents attached to the main chain. In this molecule, there is a methyl group (CH₃) attached to the third carbon atom of the main chain.

Combine the names of the substituents with the base name of the compound. The substituent name is prefixed to the base name, and its position is indicated by a number. Here, the name becomes '3-methylhexane'.

Ensure the name follows IUPAC nomenclature rules, which include using hyphens to separate numbers from words and commas to separate multiple numbers. The final IUPAC name is '3-methylhexane'.