Multiple Choice
Predict the product of the following reaction:
7. Substitution Reactions
SN2 Reaction
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For a 2nd order substitution reaction tripling the concentration of the substrate, R–X, and tripling the concentration of the nucleophile does what to the rate of the reaction?
A
It depends if R–X and the Nuc are both present in the rate-determining step.
B
The reaction occurs 27 times faster.
C
The reaction occurs 9 times faster.
D
The reaction occurs 6 times faster.
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify that the reaction is a second-order substitution reaction, which means the rate of the reaction depends on the concentration of both the substrate (R–X) and the nucleophile (Nuc).
Write the rate law for a second-order reaction: Rate = k[R–X][Nuc], where k is the rate constant.
Understand that tripling the concentration of the substrate, [R–X], means multiplying it by 3, and similarly, tripling the concentration of the nucleophile, [Nuc], also means multiplying it by 3.
Substitute the new concentrations into the rate law: Rate_new = k(3[R–X])(3[Nuc]) = 9k[R–X][Nuc].
Compare the new rate to the original rate: Rate_new = 9 * Rate_original, indicating that the reaction occurs 9 times faster.
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