Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

10. Addition Reactions

Hydroboration

Organic Chemistry

10. Addition Reactions

Hydroboration

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2:01 minutes

Problem 59g

Textbook Question

At the beginning of Chapter 9, we stated that after finishing Chapters 8 and 9, we would have the ability to make a large variety of functional groups using related reactions. Show the reagent(s) necessary to convert 1-isobutylcyclohexene into the following molecules.
(g)

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Analyze the structure of 1-isobutylcyclohexene. It contains a cyclohexene ring with an isobutyl group attached to one of the carbons in the ring. The double bond in the cyclohexene ring is a key reactive site for functional group transformations.

Step 2: Identify the target molecule (g) and determine the functional group transformation required. Compare the starting material and the product to understand what changes need to occur, such as addition, substitution, oxidation, or reduction.

Step 3: Select the appropriate reagent(s) based on the type of reaction needed. For example, if the transformation involves converting the double bond into an alcohol, you might use hydroboration-oxidation (BH₃ followed by H₂O₂/NaOH). If the double bond is being converted into a halide, you might use HX (e.g., HBr or HCl).

Step 4: Write the reaction mechanism for the transformation. This involves showing how the reagent interacts with the double bond or other reactive sites in the molecule. For example, in hydroboration-oxidation, the boron adds to the less substituted carbon of the double bond, followed by oxidation to form an alcohol.

Step 5: Verify the stereochemistry and regiochemistry of the product. Ensure that the reagent(s) used produce the desired product with the correct orientation and placement of functional groups. Adjust the choice of reagents if necessary to achieve the desired outcome.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. Understanding functional groups is essential in organic chemistry as they dictate the reactivity and properties of compounds. For example, alkenes, alcohols, and carboxylic acids each have distinct functional groups that influence how they interact with other substances.

Reagents in Organic Reactions

Reagents are substances that are added to a chemical reaction to cause a transformation. In organic chemistry, different reagents can facilitate various reactions, such as oxidation, reduction, or substitution. Knowing the appropriate reagents to use for converting one functional group to another is crucial for synthesizing desired compounds from starting materials.

Reaction Mechanisms

Reaction mechanisms describe the step-by-step process by which reactants are converted into products. Understanding these mechanisms helps predict the outcome of reactions and the conditions required for them to occur. For instance, knowing whether a reaction proceeds via an electrophilic addition or a nucleophilic substitution can guide the choice of reagents and conditions needed to achieve the desired transformation.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

Predict the product(s) that would result when the alkenes shown here are allowed to react under the following conditions: (vi) 1. BH₃ 2. H₂O₂, NaOH

(b)

Textbook Question

Predict the product(s) that would result when the alkenes shown here are allowed to react under the following conditions: (vi) 1. BH₃ 2. H₂O₂, NaOH

(g)

Textbook Question

Predict the product(s) that would result when the alkenes shown here are allowed to react under the following conditions: (vi) 1. BH₃ 2. H₂O₂, NaOH

(k)

Textbook Question

Show a mechanism for the formation of one isomer in each of the reactions in Assessment 9.1.

(c)

Textbook Question

Devise a synthesis for each compound, starting with methylenecyclohexane and any other reagents you need.

b. cyclohexylmethanol

Textbook Question

Suggest a reagent to carry out each of the following conversions to an alcohol.

(d)

Textbook Question

Predict the product(s) that would result when the following molecules are allowed to react under the following conditions: (i) 1. BH₃ 2. NaOH, H₂O₂ (ii) 1. Hg(OAc)₂ 2. NaBH₄ (iii) H₂SO₄ , H₂O (iv) 1. OsO₄ 2. NaHSO₃ (v) H₂O (vi) NaOH, H₂O . If there is no reaction, write 'no reaction.'

(d)

Textbook Question

Predict the product(s) that would result when the following molecules are allowed to react under the following conditions: (i) 1. BH₃ 2. NaOH, H₂O₂. If there is no reaction, write 'no reaction.'

(a)

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At the beginning of Chapter 9, we stated that after finishing Chapters 8 and 9, we would have the ability to make a large variety of functional groups using related reactions. Show the reagent(s) necessary to convert 1-isobutylcyclohexene into the following molecules. (g)

Key Concepts

Functional Groups

Reagents in Organic Reactions

Reaction Mechanisms

Watch next

At the beginning of Chapter 9, we stated that after finishing Chapters 8 and 9, we would have the ability to make a large variety of functional groups using related reactions. Show the reagent(s) necessary to convert 1-isobutylcyclohexene into the following molecules.
(g)