Multiple Choice
Which of the following molecules is most likely to exhibit chirality?
5. Chirality
Chirality
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In the context of chirality, what does the term 'chiral center' refer to?
A
A molecule with a plane of symmetry
B
A carbon atom bonded to two identical groups
C
A molecule that can rotate plane-polarized light
D
A carbon atom bonded to four different groups
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of chirality: Chirality in organic chemistry refers to a property of a molecule that makes it non-superimposable on its mirror image, much like left and right hands.
Define a chiral center: A chiral center, often a carbon atom, is a specific atom within a molecule that is bonded to four different groups or atoms. This arrangement leads to two non-superimposable mirror images, known as enantiomers.
Identify the characteristics of a chiral center: For a carbon atom to be a chiral center, it must be sp3 hybridized and bonded to four distinct substituents. This lack of symmetry is what gives rise to chirality.
Differentiate from other options: A molecule with a plane of symmetry is not chiral, as it can be divided into two mirror-image halves. A carbon atom bonded to two identical groups cannot be a chiral center because it does not have four different groups.
Relate chirality to optical activity: A chiral molecule can rotate plane-polarized light, a property known as optical activity. However, the ability to rotate light is a consequence of chirality, not the definition of a chiral center itself.
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