Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

5. Chirality

R and S Configuration

Organic Chemistry

5. Chirality

R and S Configuration

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5:30 minutes

Problem 8c

Textbook Question

Given the following names, draw the structure of the molecule.
c. (S)-2-methyloctan-4-amine

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the parent chain. The name '2-methyloctan-4-amine' indicates that the parent chain is 'octane,' which consists of 8 carbon atoms in a straight chain.

Step 2: Locate the substituents. The '2-methyl' group indicates a methyl (-CH₃) substituent attached to the second carbon of the octane chain. The '4-amine' indicates an amino (-NH₂) group attached to the fourth carbon.

Step 3: Assign stereochemistry. The '(S)' configuration specifies the absolute stereochemistry at the chiral center. The chiral center is located at the fourth carbon (where the amino group is attached). Use the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules to assign the (S) configuration.

Step 4: Draw the structure. Begin by sketching the octane chain, then add the methyl group at carbon 2 and the amino group at carbon 4. Ensure the stereochemistry at carbon 4 matches the (S) configuration by arranging the substituents in 3D space appropriately.

Step 5: Double-check the structure. Verify that the molecule adheres to the IUPAC name, including the correct placement of substituents, the correct number of carbons in the chain, and the proper stereochemistry.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry is the study of the spatial arrangement of atoms in molecules and how this affects their chemical behavior. In the context of (S)-2-methyloctan-4-amine, the 'S' designation indicates that the molecule has a specific three-dimensional configuration at the chiral center, which is crucial for understanding its properties and reactivity.

Chirality

Chirality refers to the geometric property of a molecule that makes it non-superimposable on its mirror image, much like left and right hands. In (S)-2-methyloctan-4-amine, the presence of a chiral center at the second carbon atom means that the molecule can exist in two enantiomeric forms, which can have different biological activities and interactions.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic chemical compounds. The name (S)-2-methyloctan-4-amine indicates the structure of the molecule, where 'octan' refers to an eight-carbon chain, '2-methyl' indicates a methyl group on the second carbon, and '4-amine' signifies an amine functional group on the fourth carbon, guiding the drawing of the correct molecular structure.

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