Multiple Choice
In the context of natural selection and the industrial revolution, which type of moths were able to survive better when the trees were light-colored before the industrial revolution?
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Intro to Organic Chemistry
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Which molecule is reduced during the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?
A
O2
B
ATP
C
NADP+
D
CO2
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the Calvin cycle: The Calvin cycle is a series of biochemical reactions that take place in the stroma of chloroplasts in photosynthetic organisms. It is also known as the light-independent reactions or dark reactions.
Identify the role of NADP+: In the Calvin cycle, NADP+ acts as an electron carrier. It is reduced to NADPH by gaining electrons and a hydrogen ion (H+). This reduction is crucial for the cycle as NADPH provides the reducing power needed for the synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide.
Differentiate between reduction and oxidation: Reduction involves the gain of electrons, while oxidation involves the loss of electrons. In the context of the Calvin cycle, NADP+ is reduced to NADPH, meaning it gains electrons.
Recognize the role of other molecules: O2 is not involved in the Calvin cycle; it is a byproduct of the light-dependent reactions. ATP provides energy but is not reduced. CO2 is fixed into organic molecules but is not reduced in the same context as NADP+.
Conclude the identification: Based on the understanding of the Calvin cycle, NADP+ is the molecule that is reduced during the process, as it gains electrons to form NADPH, which is then used in the synthesis of carbohydrates.
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