If the dipole moment of CH 3 F is 1.847 D and the dipole moment of CD 3 F is 1.858 D, which is more electronegative: hydrogen or deuterium?

Hello everyone. So in this video, we've defined which one has a larger dial moment between the C H C L three or the CDC L three based on the fact that hydrogen is more ronne than deter. So a dial moment arises when two atoms sharing a bond have different electron negativities. Electron negativity is the strength of an atom being able to attract electrons towards itself. So let's first start off this problem by drawing out these structures of the two molecules starting off with the C H C L three. So of course, we have a central carbon connected to four different atoms, three of them will be our chlorine and one of them will be our hydrogen. So again, this is the C H C L three. Now, for our other molecule, the CDC L three, it's going to be the exact same structure except of course, instead of the hydrogen, it'll be deter. So we'll just have a deep pointing up and instead of the H all right. So in a problem text, again, we're being told that the hydrogen is going to be more electron negative than our deter. So we know that chlorine of course, in a molecule is going to be the most electron negative atom compared to our carbon and hydrogen and deter. So the night dipole will of course go towards our chlorine atoms. So of course, then it'll be pointing downwards like so, but since hydrogen is more negative than our other item here, the deuterium, what happens is that hydrogen will definitely help balance out this pool. So we do have a small, small pull from the hydrogen still as compared to the titanium. So because of this, it makes the pull from the chlorine less significant than our molecule, the CDC L three. So then what will have a larger dial moment is going to be our D CDC L three because ethereum is less electron negative. So it can, it won't be able to help balance out the pool from theories as much as our hydrogen mole. So again, the final answer then is going to be CDC L three having the larger dipole moment. So we go ahead, highlight that as the final answer for this problem.

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1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

1. A Review of General Chemistry

Electronegativity

Organic Chemistry

1. A Review of General Chemistry

Electronegativity

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Problem 48

Textbook Question

If the dipole moment of CH₃F is 1.847 D and the dipole moment of CD₃F is 1.858 D, which is more electronegative: hydrogen or deuterium?

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the problem: The dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative charges in a molecule. A higher dipole moment indicates a greater charge separation. Here, we are comparing the dipole moments of CH3F and CD3F to determine whether hydrogen (H) or deuterium (D) is more electronegative.

Recall the concept of electronegativity: Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a bond. If deuterium (D) is more electronegative than hydrogen (H), it will pull electron density more strongly, potentially affecting the dipole moment of the molecule.

Analyze the given data: The dipole moment of CH3F is 1.847 D, while the dipole moment of CD3F is 1.858 D. Notice that the dipole moment increases slightly when hydrogen is replaced with deuterium.

Consider the effect of replacing H with D: Deuterium is an isotope of hydrogen with an additional neutron, making it heavier but chemically similar. If deuterium were more electronegative than hydrogen, it would pull electron density slightly more toward itself, leading to a change in the dipole moment.

Conclude based on the trend: Since the dipole moment increases when H is replaced with D, this suggests that deuterium is slightly more electronegative than hydrogen, as it causes a greater charge separation in the molecule.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Dipole Moment

The dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative charges in a molecule, indicating its polarity. It is a vector quantity, represented in Debye (D), and reflects how strongly a molecule can interact with an electric field. A higher dipole moment suggests greater polarity, which can be influenced by the electronegativity of the atoms involved.

Electronegativity

Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond. It is a key factor in determining the polarity of a bond; more electronegative atoms pull electron density towards themselves, creating a dipole. In this context, comparing the dipole moments of CH3F and CD3F helps infer the relative electronegativities of hydrogen and deuterium.

Isotopes and Their Effects

Isotopes are variants of a chemical element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. In the case of hydrogen (H) and deuterium (D), the presence of an additional neutron in deuterium affects its mass and, consequently, its bond characteristics. This can influence the dipole moment measurements, providing insights into the relative electronegativities of the isotopes.

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If the dipole moment of CH3F is 1.847 D and the dipole moment of CD3F is 1.858 D, which is more electronegative: hydrogen or deuterium?

Key Concepts

Dipole Moment

Electronegativity

Isotopes and Their Effects

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If the dipole moment of CH₃F is 1.847 D and the dipole moment of CD₃F is 1.858 D, which is more electronegative: hydrogen or deuterium?