Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond

Benzene Reactions

Organic Chemistry

19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond

Benzene Reactions

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Multiple Choice

In the electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction of benzene, which of the following is the most common electrophile?

Hydroxide ion (OH-)

Nitronium ion (NO2+)

Ammonium ion (NH4+)

Sodium ion (Na+)

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS): EAS is a reaction where an electrophile replaces a hydrogen atom in an aromatic ring, such as benzene.

Identify the nature of the electrophile: In EAS, the electrophile must be positively charged or electron-deficient to attack the electron-rich aromatic ring.

Evaluate the given options: Consider the charge and reactivity of each ion. Hydroxide ion (OH-) is negatively charged, ammonium ion (NH4+) is a weak electrophile, and sodium ion (Na+) is not reactive in this context.

Recognize the common electrophile: The nitronium ion (NO2+) is a strong electrophile due to its positive charge and ability to accept electrons, making it suitable for EAS.

Conclude that the nitronium ion (NO2+) is the most common electrophile in the electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction of benzene.