Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions

Introduction to Catalysis

Organic Chemistry

31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions

Introduction to Catalysis

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Multiple Choice

In the context of catalysis, what term refers to a biological catalyst that lacks an essential cofactor?

Apoenzyme

Prosthetic group

Coenzyme

Holoenzyme

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Verified step by step guidance

Begin by understanding the concept of catalysis in biological systems. Catalysis refers to the acceleration of a chemical reaction by a catalyst, which is a substance that increases the rate of the reaction without being consumed in the process.

Recognize that enzymes are biological catalysts. They are proteins that speed up biochemical reactions in living organisms.

Learn the definitions of key terms related to enzymes: An 'apoenzyme' is the protein part of an enzyme that requires a cofactor to become active. A 'holoenzyme' is the complete, active enzyme with its cofactor. A 'coenzyme' is a non-protein organic molecule that binds to the enzyme and is necessary for its activity. A 'prosthetic group' is a tightly bound cofactor that is essential for the enzyme's function.

Identify the term that refers to an enzyme lacking its essential cofactor. An 'apoenzyme' is the inactive form of an enzyme, missing its cofactor, which is necessary for its catalytic activity.

Conclude that the term 'apoenzyme' is the correct answer, as it specifically refers to the enzyme without its required cofactor, rendering it inactive.