Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways

Catabolism of Carbohydrates: Glycolysis

Organic Chemistry

33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways

Catabolism of Carbohydrates: Glycolysis

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Multiple Choice

Almost all molecules that are catabolized for energy are converted into which of the following during glycolysis?

Pyruvate

Acetyl-CoA

Oxaloacetate

Lactate

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Verified step by step guidance

Begin by understanding the process of glycolysis, which is a series of reactions that extract energy from glucose by splitting it into two molecules of pyruvate.

Recognize that glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration and occurs in the cytoplasm of cells, converting glucose into pyruvate while generating ATP and NADH.

Identify the key products of glycolysis: two molecules of pyruvate, ATP, and NADH. Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis and can be further processed in the mitochondria.

Consider the role of pyruvate in cellular metabolism. Pyruvate can be converted into acetyl-CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle, or into lactate under anaerobic conditions.

Understand that oxaloacetate is not a direct product of glycolysis but is involved in the citric acid cycle, while acetyl-CoA is formed from pyruvate in the mitochondria, not directly during glycolysis.