Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

5. Chirality

Chirality

Organic Chemistry

5. Chirality

Chirality

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Multiple Choice

Why is enzyme action similar to the action of a key fitting into a lock in terms of chirality?

Enzymes are achiral and can interact with any substrate regardless of chirality.

Enzymes are non-specific and can interact with substrates of any shape.

Enzymes change their chirality to match the substrate.

Enzymes are chiral and can only interact with substrates of specific chirality.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of chirality: Chirality in chemistry refers to a molecule's property of having a non-superimposable mirror image, much like left and right hands. This is crucial in biological systems where molecules often exist in chiral forms.

Recognize the nature of enzymes: Enzymes are biological catalysts that are typically proteins. They are chiral because they are made up of amino acids, which are chiral themselves. This chirality is essential for their function.

Explore the lock-and-key model: This model suggests that enzymes have specific active sites that fit only certain substrates, much like a key fits into a specific lock. This specificity is due to the three-dimensional shape and chirality of the enzyme's active site.

Relate chirality to enzyme specificity: Because enzymes are chiral, they can distinguish between different enantiomers (chiral molecules that are mirror images of each other). This means that an enzyme will typically only interact with one enantiomer of a substrate, not both.

Conclude with the correct statement: Enzymes are chiral and can only interact with substrates of specific chirality, which aligns with the lock-and-key model where the enzyme's active site is complementary to the substrate's shape and chirality.