Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

1. A Review of General Chemistry

Intro to Organic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

1. A Review of General Chemistry

Intro to Organic Chemistry

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Multiple Choice

In the context of organic chemistry, what is the primary role of NADH and FADH2?

They act as electron carriers in cellular respiration.

They are involved in the storage of genetic information.

They function as structural components in cell membranes.

They serve as catalysts in the synthesis of proteins.

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Verified step by step guidance

Begin by understanding the context of cellular respiration, which is a metabolic process that converts biochemical energy from nutrients into ATP, and involves the transfer of electrons.

Recognize that NADH and FADH2 are crucial molecules in this process, primarily acting as electron carriers. They transport electrons to the electron transport chain, a series of complexes located in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

NADH and FADH2 are reduced forms of NAD+ and FAD, respectively. During metabolic reactions, they accept electrons and become reduced, which is essential for their role as electron carriers.

In the electron transport chain, NADH and FADH2 donate the electrons they carry, which are then passed through a series of proteins and coenzymes. This electron transfer is coupled with the pumping of protons across the mitochondrial membrane, creating a proton gradient.

The energy from the proton gradient is used to synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate via ATP synthase. This process is known as oxidative phosphorylation, highlighting the importance of NADH and FADH2 in energy production.