Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Cis vs Trans

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Cis vs Trans

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6:19 minutes

Problem 34b

Textbook Question

Which of the following structures represent the same compound? Which ones represent different compounds?
(b)

Verified step by step guidance

Examine each structure to identify the carbon skeleton and the position of the double bond. This will help determine if they are the same compound or different.

Structure 1 and Structure 3 both have a double bond between the first and second carbon atoms in a straight chain, indicating they are the same compound.

Structure 2 and Structure 5 have a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms, but the chain is branched differently, indicating they are different compounds.

Structure 4 has a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms in a straight chain, which is different from Structure 1 and Structure 3.

Structure 6 has a double bond between the first and second carbon atoms, similar to Structure 1 and Structure 3, indicating they are the same compound.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Structural Isomerism

Structural isomerism occurs when compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements of atoms. This concept is crucial for identifying whether the given structures represent the same or different compounds, as variations in connectivity can lead to distinct chemical properties and identities.

Cis-Trans Isomerism

Cis-trans isomerism, a type of stereoisomerism, arises in compounds with restricted rotation around a double bond or a ring structure. It is essential for understanding the differences between structures 1 and 2, as the spatial arrangement of substituents can affect the compound's physical and chemical properties, despite having the same connectivity.

Alkene Nomenclature

Alkene nomenclature involves naming compounds based on the longest carbon chain containing the double bond and the position of the double bond. This concept helps in identifying and comparing the structures, as the position and configuration of the double bond are key factors in determining whether the structures are identical or different.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

Which of the following compounds show cis-trans isomerism? Draw the cis and trans isomers of the ones that do.

(d)

(e)

(f) CH₃CH=NCH₃

Textbook Question

Which of the following compounds show cis-trans isomerism? Draw the cis and trans isomers of the ones that do.

(a) CH₃CH=CHCH₃

(b) CH₃C≡CCH₃

Textbook Question

Which of the following compounds show cis-trans isomerism? Draw the cis and trans isomers of those that do.

(a) CHF=CHF

(b) F₂C=CH₂

Textbook Question

Two compounds with the formula CH₃–CH=N–CH₃ are known.

b. What two compounds have this formula?

c. Explain why only one compound with the formula (CH₃)₂CNCH₃ is known.

Textbook Question

Name the following cycloalkanes using the IUPAC system of nomenclature, being sure to indicate whether they are cis or trans.

(b)

Textbook Question

Assign relative priorities to each set of substituents:

b. -CH₂CH₂OH, -OH, -CH₂Cl, -CH=CH₂

Textbook Question

Draw the Z isomer of an alkene that has a CH₃ and an H on one sp² carbon and isopropyl and butyl groups on the other sp² carbon.

Textbook Question

Tamoxifen slows the growth of some breast tumors by binding to estrogen receptors. Is tamoxifen an E or a Z isomer?

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Which of the following structures represent the same compound? Which ones represent different compounds?(b)

Key Concepts

Structural Isomerism

Cis-Trans Isomerism

Alkene Nomenclature

Watch next

Which of the following structures represent the same compound? Which ones represent different compounds?
(b)