Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

4. Molecular Compounds

Lewis Dot Structures: Ions (Simplified)

GOB Chemistry

4. Molecular Compounds

Lewis Dot Structures: Ions (Simplified)

Previous problemNext problem

Struggling with GOB Chemistry?

Join thousands of students who trust us to help them ace their exams!Watch the first video

Multiple Choice

Draw the Lewis Dot Structure for the following ion:PCl₄⁺.

Previous problemNext problem

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the central atom in the ion. In PCl4+, phosphorus (P) is the central atom because it is less electronegative than chlorine (Cl) and can form multiple bonds.

Determine the total number of valence electrons available. Phosphorus has 5 valence electrons, and each chlorine has 7 valence electrons. Since the ion has a positive charge, subtract one electron from the total count.

Calculate the total number of valence electrons: 5 (from P) + 4*7 (from Cl) - 1 (due to the positive charge) = 34 valence electrons.

Arrange the chlorine atoms around the phosphorus atom and form single bonds between phosphorus and each chlorine atom. This uses up 8 electrons (2 electrons per bond).

Distribute the remaining electrons to satisfy the octet rule for the chlorine atoms. Each chlorine should have 6 additional electrons (3 lone pairs) to complete their octet, using up the remaining 26 electrons.