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Multiple Choice
Which species is expected to have the largest dispersion forces?
A
CH4
B
CH3CH3
C
CH3CH2CH3
D
C12H26
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand that dispersion forces, also known as London dispersion forces, are a type of van der Waals force. They are the weakest intermolecular forces and occur due to temporary fluctuations in electron density within molecules.
Recognize that dispersion forces increase with the size of the molecule. Larger molecules have more electrons and a greater surface area, which can lead to stronger temporary dipoles.
Compare the molecular sizes of the given species: CH4 (methane), CH3CH3 (ethane), CH3CH2CH3 (propane), and C12H26 (dodecane). Note that C12H26 is significantly larger than the other molecules.
Consider the molecular weight and structure. C12H26 has a higher molecular weight and a longer carbon chain compared to the other molecules, which contributes to stronger dispersion forces.
Conclude that C12H26, being the largest molecule with the most electrons and largest surface area, is expected to have the largest dispersion forces among the given species.