Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

24. Lipid Metabolism

Ketone Bodies

GOB Chemistry

24. Lipid Metabolism

Ketone Bodies

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Multiple Choice

Which reaction produces a ketone body with an alcohol functional group? Draw the ketone body.

condensation

hydrolysis

reduction

decarboxylation

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the context: Ketone bodies are produced in the liver during the breakdown of fatty acids and are used as an energy source by various tissues. They typically include acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone.

Identify the functional groups: A ketone body with an alcohol functional group is likely referring to beta-hydroxybutyrate, which contains both a ketone and an alcohol group.

Recognize the type of reaction: Reduction reactions involve the gain of electrons or hydrogen atoms. In the context of ketone bodies, the reduction of acetoacetate leads to the formation of beta-hydroxybutyrate.

Draw the structure: Beta-hydroxybutyrate has a four-carbon backbone. The first carbon is part of a carboxylate group, the second carbon is connected to a hydroxyl group (alcohol), and the third carbon is part of a ketone group.

Summarize the process: The reduction of acetoacetate to beta-hydroxybutyrate involves the addition of hydrogen to the ketone group, converting it into an alcohol group, thus forming the ketone body with an alcohol functional group.