Multiple Choice
Assuming a complete reaction with hydrogen gas, which of the following molecules would have the greatest increase in melting point?
23. Lipids
Triacylglycerol Reactions: Hydrogenation
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Determine a possible triacylglycerol molecule formed when linoleic acid undergoes partial hydrogenation and consumes 1 mole of hydrogen gas.
A
Palmitoleic acid
B
Stearic acid
C
Linolenic acid
D
Oleic acid
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the process of partial hydrogenation: Partial hydrogenation involves the addition of hydrogen (H₂) to unsaturated fatty acids, which can convert some double bonds to single bonds, altering the degree of unsaturation.
Identify the structure of linoleic acid: Linoleic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid with two double bonds. Its chemical formula is C₁₈H₃₂O₂, and it is known for having a cis configuration at its double bonds.
Determine the effect of adding 1 mole of hydrogen: Adding 1 mole of hydrogen to linoleic acid will reduce one of its double bonds, converting it into a single bond. This process will change linoleic acid into a monounsaturated fatty acid.
Recognize the resulting fatty acid: When linoleic acid undergoes partial hydrogenation and one double bond is reduced, it forms oleic acid, which is a monounsaturated fatty acid with one double bond remaining.
Consider the formation of a triacylglycerol: A triacylglycerol molecule consists of three fatty acids esterified to a glycerol backbone. In this scenario, oleic acid can be one of the fatty acids in the triacylglycerol, along with other fatty acids such as palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, or linolenic acid.
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