Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium

Entropy (Simplified)

GOB Chemistry

7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium

Entropy (Simplified)

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following processes shows a decrease in entropy of the system?

NaClO₃(s) → Na⁺(aq) + ClO₃^–(aq)

CH₃OH(l) → CO(g) + 2 H₂(g)

H₂O(l) → H₂O(g)

2 NO(g) + O₂(g) → 2 NO₂(g)

COCl₂(g) → CO(g) + Cl₂(g)

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of entropy: Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system. Generally, processes that increase the number of gas molecules or increase the freedom of movement of particles result in an increase in entropy.

Analyze each process: For each chemical reaction, consider the states of the reactants and products. Solid to aqueous, liquid to gas, and decomposition reactions typically increase entropy, while reactions that form fewer gas molecules or more ordered states decrease entropy.

Evaluate the first process: NaClO3(s) → Na+(aq) + ClO3–(aq). This process involves dissolving a solid into ions in solution, which increases disorder, thus increasing entropy.

Evaluate the second process: CH3OH(l) → CO(g) + 2 H2(g). This decomposition reaction increases the number of gas molecules, leading to an increase in entropy.

Evaluate the correct answer: 2 NO(g) + O2(g) → 2 NO2(g). This reaction involves combining gases to form fewer gas molecules, which decreases the disorder and thus decreases entropy.