Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

1. Introduction to Biochemistry

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Biochemistry

1. Introduction to Biochemistry

Second Law of Thermodynamics

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is true?

Spontaneous reactions are fast reactions.

Endergonic reactions are spontaneous.

Endergonic reactions tend to decrease local entropy.

All exergonic reactions decrease universal entropy.

All of the above are false.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the definition of spontaneous reactions: Spontaneous reactions are those that occur without the input of additional energy. They are characterized by a negative Gibbs free energy change (ΔG < 0). However, spontaneity does not imply speed; a reaction can be spontaneous but slow.

Review the concept of endergonic reactions: Endergonic reactions require an input of energy and have a positive Gibbs free energy change (ΔG > 0). These reactions are not spontaneous because they need energy to proceed.

Examine the relationship between exergonic reactions and entropy: Exergonic reactions release energy and have a negative Gibbs free energy change (ΔG < 0). While they can increase the entropy of the surroundings, they do not necessarily decrease universal entropy.

Analyze the statement about entropy and endergonic reactions: Endergonic reactions do not tend to decrease local entropy; instead, they often involve a decrease in entropy as they require energy input to create order.

Conclude by evaluating the truth of each statement: Based on the definitions and characteristics of spontaneous, endergonic, and exergonic reactions, determine that all the given statements are false.