Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

4. Protein Structure

Antiparallel and Parallel Beta Sheets

Biochemistry

4. Protein Structure

Antiparallel and Parallel Beta Sheets

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Multiple Choice

What type of β-sheet is presented in the figure below? Draw all hydrogen bonds between appropriate groups.

Antiparallel β-sheet.

Parallel β-sheet.

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Examine the orientation of the polypeptide chains in the image. In an antiparallel β-sheet, the N-terminus of one strand aligns with the C-terminus of the adjacent strand, while in a parallel β-sheet, the N-termini and C-termini of adjacent strands align.

Identify the direction of the peptide bonds in each strand. In the image, observe that the peptide bonds in one strand are oriented in the opposite direction to those in the adjacent strand, indicating an antiparallel arrangement.

Look for the hydrogen bonding pattern between the strands. In antiparallel β-sheets, hydrogen bonds are formed between the carbonyl oxygen of one amino acid and the amide hydrogen of the adjacent strand, typically in a straight line.

Draw the hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl oxygen of one strand and the amide hydrogen of the adjacent strand. Ensure that these bonds are perpendicular to the direction of the strands, characteristic of antiparallel β-sheets.

Conclude that the β-sheet in the image is antiparallel based on the opposite orientation of the strands and the linear hydrogen bonding pattern between them.