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Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the strongest acid listed?
A
Lactic acid, Ka = 1.38 x 10-4
B
Formic acid, pKa = 3.75
C
Acetic acid, Ka = 1.76 x 10-5
D
Proprionic acid, pKa = 4.87
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand that the strength of an acid is determined by its ability to donate protons, which is quantified by its dissociation constant (Ka) or its pKa value.
Recall that a larger Ka value indicates a stronger acid, as it implies a greater degree of ionization in solution.
Alternatively, a smaller pKa value indicates a stronger acid, since pKa is the negative logarithm of the Ka value (pKa = -log(Ka)).
Compare the given Ka and pKa values: Lactic acid has a Ka of 1.38 x 10^-4, Acetic acid has a Ka of 1.76 x 10^-5, Formic acid has a pKa of 3.75, and Proprionic acid has a pKa of 4.87.
Convert the pKa values to Ka values for comparison: Formic acid (pKa = 3.75) and Proprionic acid (pKa = 4.87). Calculate their Ka values using the formula Ka = 10^(-pKa) and compare all Ka values to determine the strongest acid.