Textbook Question
Draw a structure for a compound that meets each of the following descriptions:
b. An aldehyde with four carbons
Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of GOBISBN: 9780134015187
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Matter and Measurements27
- Ch.2 Atoms and the Periodic Table20
- Ch.3 Ionic Compounds8
- Ch.4 Molecular Compounds23
- Ch.5 Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions12
- Ch.6 Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships28
- Ch.7 Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rate and Equilibrium64
- Ch.8 Gases, Liquids and Solids24
- Ch.9 Solutions52
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases25
- Ch.11 Nuclear Chemistry22
- Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes57
- Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds47
- Ch.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a Halogen50
- Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch.16 Amines42
- Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives57
- Ch.18 Amino Acids and Proteins82
- Ch.19 Enzymes and Vitamins63
- Ch.20 Carbohydrates44
- Ch.21 The Generation of Biochemical Energy65
- Ch.22 Carbohydrate Metabolism45
- Ch.23 Lipids42
- Ch.24 Lipid Metabolism33
- Ch.25 Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism24
- Ch.26 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis45
Chapter 15, Problem 26c
Draw a structure for a compound that meets each of the following descriptions:
c. An alpha-bromoaldehyde, C4H7BrO
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the problem. The compound is an alpha-bromoaldehyde with the molecular formula C₄H₇BrO. This means it contains an aldehyde functional group (-CHO) and a bromine atom attached to the carbon adjacent to the carbonyl carbon (the alpha position).
Step 2: Start by drawing the aldehyde functional group. The aldehyde group consists of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to a hydrogen atom. This carbon is part of the main chain.
Step 3: Add the alpha-bromo group. Identify the carbon adjacent to the aldehyde carbon (the alpha carbon) and attach a bromine atom to it.
Step 4: Complete the carbon chain to satisfy the molecular formula C₄H₇BrO. Ensure the total number of carbons in the structure is four, and adjust the remaining bonds with hydrogen atoms to satisfy the valency of each carbon atom.
Step 5: Verify the structure. Confirm that the structure contains exactly one aldehyde group, one bromine atom on the alpha carbon, and the molecular formula matches C₄H₇BrO. Ensure all atoms follow the octet rule where applicable.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Alpha-Bromoaldehyde
An alpha-bromoaldehyde is a type of aldehyde where a bromine atom is attached to the carbon atom adjacent to the carbonyl group (C=O). This positioning is crucial as it influences the compound's reactivity and properties. The 'alpha' designation indicates the location of the bromine relative to the functional group, which is essential for understanding its chemical behavior.
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Molecular Formula Interpretation
The molecular formula C₄H₇BrO indicates that the compound contains four carbon atoms, seven hydrogen atoms, one bromine atom, and one oxygen atom. Understanding how to interpret this formula is vital for constructing the correct structure, as it provides insights into the connectivity and arrangement of atoms within the molecule, guiding the drawing of its structural representation.
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Structural Representation of Organic Compounds
Structural representation involves depicting the arrangement of atoms in a molecule, including bonds and functional groups. For organic compounds like alpha-bromoaldehydes, it is important to accurately illustrate the carbon skeleton, functional groups, and any substituents. This visual representation aids in understanding the compound's chemical properties and potential reactions.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Glucose is the major sugar in mammalian blood. We often see it represented as either the "free aldehyde" or the cyclic hemiacetal forms shown here. Of the two forms of glucose, the cyclic hemiacetal is the preferred form found in blood. Can you suggest two reasons why?
Textbook Question
Draw a structure for a compound that meets each of the following descriptions:
a. A 6-carbon cyclic ketone with a methyl group on the beta carbon
Textbook Question
Draw a structure for a compound that meets each of the following descriptions:
b. An 8-carbon ketone with six carbons as its longest chain
Textbook Question
Draw a structure for a compound that meets each of the following descriptions:
d. A cyclic alpha-hydroxyketone, C5H8O2
Textbook Question
Indicate which compounds contain aldehyde or ketone carbonyl groups.
a.