22. Evolution of Populations

In a large population of bonobos, the frequency of the recessive allele is initially 0.1. There is no migration and no selection. What is the frequency of the dominant allele? Assume that there are two alleles of this gene.

If you hold a salty cracker in your mouth long enough, it will begin to taste sweet. What is responsible for this change in taste?

In the context of populations, how do we define evolution?

Allele frequencies can be altered by __________.

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, p² represents __________.

In a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, 1% of the individuals in a population show the recessive trait of a certain characteristic. In this situation, what is the value of p?

In the equation for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, 1 represents __________.

Approximately 1 out of every 2,500 Caucasians in the United States is born with the recessive disease cystic fibrosis. According to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equation, approximately what percentage of people are carriers?

In a certain group of African people, 4% are born with sickle-cell disease (homozygous recessive). If this group is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what percentage of the group has the selective advantage of being more resistant to malaria (heterozygous) than those individuals who are homozygous for normal hemoglobin or for sickle-cell disease?

Assume a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with these genotypic frequencies: AA = 0.25, Aa = 0.50, and aa = 0.25. If you remove all the homozygous dominants and allow the remaining population to reproduce (again under Hardy-Weinberg conditions), what will be the frequency of homozygous dominants in the next generation?

Which of the following sets of conditions is required for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

How does natural selection fashion organisms?

Consider a gene that exists in two allelic forms in a simple Mendelian dominant/recessive pair. In a large population of randomly breeding organisms, the frequency of a recessive allele is initially 0.3. There is no migration and no selection. Humans enter this ecosystem and selectively hunt individuals showing the dominant trait. When the gene frequency is reexamined at the end of the year, __________.

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in RNA?a. cytosine, guanine, thymine, uracil (C, G, T, U)b. adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine (A, C, G, T)c. adenine, cytosine, guanine, uracil (A, C, G, U)d. alanine, cysteine, glycine, threonine (A, C, G, T)

In what sense is the Hardy–Weinberg principle a null hypothesis?